Pomerania

Indonesian Language

Anjing Pomerania adalah salah satu ras anjing spitz (berbulu tebal dan panjang, daun telinga agak kecil dan tegak) yang berasal dari Jerman. Nama pomeranian diambil dari sebuah provinsi tua di Jerman yang bernama Pomerania. Pada pertengahan tahun 1800-an, ras anjing ini dibawa ke Inggris dan pada akhir tahun 1800-an mulai dikenal di daerah Amerika Serikat. Ras anjing ini dikenal cukup sukses di dalam beberapa aktivitas yang melibatkan anjing, contohnya kompetisi kepatuhan dan terapi menggunakan anjing.

Sejarah

Nenek moyang dari Pomeranian adalah anjing penggembala domba di Eropa yang bertubuh lebih besar. Tokoh-tokoh penting dalam sejarah Eropa yang pernah memelihara Pomeranian adalah Michelangelo, Isaac Newton, Mozart. Orang pertama yang membawa anjing ini ke Inggris adalah Charlotte, istri Pangeran George III, pada tahun 1761. Cucu dari pasanganan ini adalah Ratu Victoria mengembangkan 15 ras anjing berbeda pada masa hidupnya. Ratu Victoria membeli seekor pomeranian hitam-merah berukuran mini pertama pada tahun 1888 di Italia dan kemudian membawanya ke Inggris. Anjing tersebut diberi nama Marco dan diperkirakan merupakan awal dari berkembangan pomeranian berukuran mini. Marco juga berhasil memenangkan benyak penghargaan dan ikut dalam pertunjukkan anjing bersama pemiliknya. Selain Marco, Victoria juga memiliki tiga anjing pomeranian lain yang diberlinya di Florence pada tahun 1888. 

Deskripsi

Pomeranian yang ada saat ini merupakan anjing yang berukuran sangat kecil, berat ±1,5-3,5 kg dan tinggi 20-28 cm. Kepalanya bulat, tengkorak pendek, mata gelap, dan ekor berbulu lebat. Anjing ini memiliki dua lapis bulu, yaitu bagian dalam yang lembut dan padat, serta bulu lapisan luar yang panjang dan lurus. Bulu pada lapisan luarnya cenderung lebih mengembang ke arah luar tubuh dibandingkan melekat pada tubuhnya. Warna anjing ini dapat berupa coklat, jingga, krem, hitam, merah, ataupun campuran beberapa warna.

Pomeranian memiliki sifat yang lincah, berani, protektif, loyal kepada pemiliknya, dan dapat menggonggong dengan tidak terkendali. Anjing ini memang merupakan salah satu jenis yang riuh atau bising, terlebih bila mencurigai sesuatu. Salah satu kelebihan dari anjing ini adalah kemampuannya menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan, baik secara mental maupun fisik.

Informasi kesehatan

Walaupun bertubuh kecil, namun tetap diperlukan latihan atau olahraga setiap harinya. Masalah kesehatan yang rentan diderita pomeranian adalah sakit pada lutut, hipoglikemia, sakit mata, dan sakit pada trakea. Umumnya, masa hidup anjing ini berkisar antara 14 sampai 16 tahun. 










English Language

The Pomeranian (often known as a Pom, or more humorously, Pom Pom) is a breed of dog of the Spitz type, named for the Pomerania region in Central Europe (today part of eastern Germany and northern Poland). Classed as a toy dog breed because of its small size, the Pomeranian is descended from the larger Spitz type dogs, specifically the German Spitz. It has been determined by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale to be part of the German Spitz breed, and in many countries, they are known as the Zwergspitz (~Dwarf Spitz).

The breed has been made popular by a number of royal owners since the 17th century. Queen Victoria owned a particularly small Pomeranian and consequently the smaller variety became universally popular. During Queen Victoria's lifetime alone, the size of the breed decreased by 50%. Overall, the Pomeranian is a sturdy, healthy dog. The most common health issue is Luxating patella. Tracheal collapse can also be an issue. More rarely, the breed can suffer from a skin condition colloquially known as "black skin disease", or alopecia ex. This is a genetic disease which causes the dog's skin to turn black and lose all or most of its hair. The breed is currently among the top 15 most popular in the USA, and the current fashion for small dogs has increased their popularity worldwide.

Description

Pomeranians are small dogs weighing 1.9–3.5 kilograms (4.2–7.7 lb) and standing 5.0–11 inches (13–28 cm) high at the withers. They are compact but sturdy dogs with an abundant textured coat with a highly plumed tail set high and flat. The top coat forms a ruff of hair on the neck and back, and they also have a fringe of feathery hair on the hindquarters.

 The earliest examples of the breed were white or occasionally black, Queen Victoria adopted a small red Pomeranian in 1888, which caused that color to become fashionable by the end of the 19th century. In modern times, the Pomeranian comes in the widest variety of colors of any dog breed, including white, black, brown, red, orange, cream, blue, sable, black and tan, brown and tan, spotted, brindle, plus combinations of those colors. The most common colors are orange, black or cream/white.

The merle Pomeranian is a recent color developed by breeders. It is a combination of a solid base color with lighter blue/grey patch which gives a mottled effect. The most common base colors for the effect are red/brown or black, although it can also appear with other colors. Combinations such as brindle merle or liver merle are not accepted in the breed standard. In addition, the eye, nose and paw pad colors are different in merles, changing parts of the eye to blue and the color on the nose and paw pads to become mottled pink and black.

Pomeranians have a thick double coat, and while grooming is not difficult, breeders recommend that it is done daily because of the thickness of the coat and the constant shedding. The outer coat is long, straight, and harsh in texture while the undercoat is soft, thick and short. The coat knots and tangles easily, particularly when the undercoat is being shed, which happens twice a year.

Behavior

Pomeranians are typically a very friendly and lively breed of dog. They love to be around their owners and are known to be protective of them. They bond quickly with their owners, and can suffer from separation anxiety if not trained to spend time alone. Pomeranians are alert and aware of changes in their environment and barking at new stimuli can develop into a habit of barking excessively in any situation. They are somewhat defensive of their territory and will thus bark when they encounter any outside noises. Pomeranians are intelligent dogs, respond well to training, and can be very successful in getting what they want from their owners.